Sikhism
Monotheistic religion dating form the 15th century CE, based in the Punjab.

Basic Belief: Founded by Guru (Teacher) Nanak who taught acknowledgement and tolerance of religious differences, drawing on Hinduism and Islam, emphasising the unity of God whatever name is used, and preaching universal tolerance. The individual can experience and know God through worship, meditation, selfless service and living a truthful life. The Sikh warrior tradition of Saint Soldier resulted from Mogul persecutions and the need to protect the community.

Sacred Text:
Guru Granth compiled form the writings of the Gurus, finalised at the time of the 10th and last human Guru (c. 1700). The written word in the Guru Granth is revered as the spoken word of the Guru.

Observances:
Community based religion - there are no priests, anyone can lead (Granths are guides to the teachings rather than priests). Spiritual release is sought through devotional singing of hymns from Guru Granth which is set to musical raags, recitations of the divine name, meditation and selfless service - all designed to tame the ego and focus the mind and body on God. Asceticism is discouraged and a family lifestyle is looked upon as the highest order.

The universal adoption of Singh (male) Kaur (female) surnames indicates that all Sikhs belong to the same family/caste. Amridhari (baptised) Sikhs wear on their person the 5 Ks - Kesh (uncut hair), Kangha (wooden comb), Kirpan (dagger), Kara (bracelet), Kach (breeches) and lead a disciplined lifestyle. The word Sikh means discipline.